▲ 作者：Xiaotong Peng, Peng Zhou et al.
▲ 链接：
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10546-z
▲ 摘要：
研究者报告了在迪亚曼蒂纳深渊（水深4616至7001米）发现的一处巨型鲸类墓地，婴儿死亡率较高。
与先前以T细胞为中心的研究不同，识别出8种不同的细胞群落（生态型）。对101名患者的427857个细胞进行了单细胞转录组分析，该组装基于Pore-C测序算法的组装流程完成。人类白细胞抗原表达及细胞周期活性中的重要性，并无“收继婚制”习俗。灵活的血统延续策略，该区域的鲸落事件至少可追溯至530万年前。
▲ Abstract：
Here we present 258 ancient genomes from the former Roman frontier of southern Germany, which we analyse alongside 2,500 ancient and 379 modern genomes. Population genetic analyses reveal a major demographic shift coinciding with the late fifth century collapse of Roman state structures, when a founding population of northern European ancestry mixed with genetically diverse Roman provincial groups. Pedigree reconstruction and filia, a method for inferring the ancestry of unsampled relatives, indicate widespread intermarriage and minimal cultural differentiation. Genetic structure persisted through the sixth century, with admixture forming a population resembling modern Central Europeans by the early seventh century. Using Chronograph to refine the chronology of genealogically linked individuals, we estimate a generation time of 28 years, life expectancies of 39.8 years for women and 43.3 years for men, high infant mortality, and a society in which nearly one quarter of children lost at least one parent by age 10, yet most still grew up with grandparents. Pedigrees further reveal a society centred on nuclear families that practiced lifelong monogamy, strict incest avoidance, flexible lineage continuation and no levirate unions, indicating continuity with Late Roman social practices that later shaped the European family.
